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Maximilian (martyr)
Saint Maximilian of Tebessa (Latin: ''Maximilianus'') is a Christian saint and martyr, whose feast day is observed on 12 March. Born in the third century, A.D. 274, the son of Fabius Victor, a soldier in the Roman army, Maximilian was obliged to enlist at the age of 21. On 12 March, A.D. 295, at the City of Thavaste (now: Tébessa, Algeria), North Africa.〔(Ott, Michael. "Maximilian." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 Mar. 2013 )〕 he was brought before the proconsul of Numidia, Cassius Dion, to swear allegiance to the Emperor as a soldier. He refused, stating that, as a Christian, he could not serve in the military,〔(Butler, Rev. Alban, "Saint Maximilian", ''Lives of the Saints'', Vol. III, 1866 )〕 leading to his immediate beheading by the sword. He is noted as the earliest recorded conscientious objector, although it is believed that there were some other Christians at that time who also refused military service and were executed.〔Richard Alston, ''Soldier and Society in Roman Egypt'', London and New York: Routledge, 1995, ISBN 0-415-12270-8, p 149.〕
The 1970s anti-Vietnam War clergy group Order of Maximilian took their name from him. Maximilian's name has been regularly read out, as a representative conscientious objector from the Roman Empire, at the annual ceremony marking International Conscientious Objectors' Day, 15 May, at the Conscientious Objectors Commemorative Stone, Tavistock Square, Bloomsbury, London.
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